0019490420001

1949年4月解放军渡江，为中华人民共和国奠基。华东军区颁发了《渡江胜利纪念》章，紫铜质，直径约40毫米，如左，鸣谢李拓个人收藏网。白度网亦刊登便于观看的加工图象，如右。涂作潮、张小梅夫妇保存终生的那枚《渡江胜利纪念》章，遗失在第二代培养第三代收藏的努力中。涂作潮陈列室如何延续的议程就此开始。

PLA crossed Yantze River in Apr 1949 founding PRC. East China Military Zone issued a badge of Crossing Yantze, copper, diameter about 40 mm, as left. Baidu Net shows an adjusted image for viewing convenience as right. Tu Zuochao and Zhang Xiaomei kept their badge for life time. Theirs was lost during an effort to train Tu’s 3^rd generation for collection. This leads to the issue:how to continue Tu Zuochao Memorial

?.

0019490528002

也是1949年5月28日同

一天,陈毅为主任、粟裕为

副主任的中国人民解放军

上海市军事管制委员会也

颁发了另一份接财字第二

号命令,委任卢纯根为军代

表,接管原中央银行.该命令

见邓六金著《我与曾三》

ISBN7-5011-4705-1, 111页.

On the same 28 May 1949,

the same Shanghai Military

Administration issued ano-

ther Number 2 order ppointing LU Chungen as

Military Rep to take over

former Central Bank. This

order is on Page 111, ZENG

San and I, by DENG Liujin,

ISBN7-5011-4705-1.

0019490528003

还是1949年5月28日同

一天,上海市军管会还颁发

了第三份第二号命令,任冯

锦璋和张腊良为军代表,接

管原中央印制厂上海厂即

曹阳路158号的上海印钞

厂.该命令原件存中国印钞

造币博物馆。

Also on the same 28 May

1949, the same Military

Administration with CHEN

Yi as Director and SU Yu as

his Deputy issued the third

Number 2 order appointing

FENG Jinzhang & ZHANG

Laliang as Military Reps to

take over former Central

Printing Plant Shanghai

Works or Shanghai Bank-

note Printing Plant located

at 158 Caoyang Rd. The

original order is now kept

at China Banknote Printing

and Minting Museum.

0019490528004

2000年5月5日航天部200厂

厂长,原中央无线电器材公司军

代表室人员冯道生回忆:“公司

所在地是上海福州路37号.涂

代表一天到晚跑浦东,把国民党

存在浦东的很多电讯物资,成船

成船地走太湖,转移到后来是熊

猫品牌的南京714厂.涂代表的

预感很准.转移完了以后,蒋介

石派飞机轰炸上海了.”

“Our Company was at 37 Fu-

zhou Rd. During that time,Rep

TU traveled to & fro Pudong

almost each day.KMT’d stored

many radio appliances in Pu-

dong(East Shanghai).TU trans-

ferred them in boat loads to No.

714 Factory in Nanjing through

Taihu Lake. His premonition

was great.Almost right after we

had finished transfering, KMT

planes bombarded Shanghai,”

recalled FENG Daosheng, No.

200 Factory Director, former

staff at Shanghai Central

Radio Appliances Co Military

Rep Office.

0019490528005

1949年5月,涂作潮担任上海市军事管制委员会军代表时的戎装帽子和证章。

Uniform cap and badge for TU Zuochao in May 1949 when he was a military representative of Shanghai Municipal Military Administration.

0019490528006

   1949年5月涂作潮在上海市军管会转业。但转业手续直到1957-8-30才办妥.这时他已经把250元的月工资八折降为210元了.在他自己申报的每月210元略有节余的背后是,新华、中华和延华都只能上比大学便宜的中专;平华和胜华只能眼巴巴地看着邻居的孩子们在幼儿园里欢天喜地。

1969年涂作潮瘫痪后,经常面对无力买药的窘境。他有时叹息道，晚几年转业，转业费就多多了。晚到何时，能多多少，待查。也渴望热情观众帮助。涂作潮在世时，从未后悔过1957年主动降级降薪2级的事情。

    Tu Zuochao Demobilization Certificate was issued in 1949. He actually got demobilized 08-30-1957 when he self cut his salary by 20% down to Yuan 210. His extra contribution led Xinhua, Zhonghua and Yanhua to much cheaper trade school; and Pinghua and Shenghua to kindergarten watchers.

    He couldn’t afford medicines after he got paralyzed in 1969. Only then did he sigh his regret not for a later demobilization for more money. However he had never regretted his voluntary cut of his Yuan 250 salary down to Yuan 200 in 1957.

0019490528007

    涂作潮谦虚谦让品格的见证。在级别栏里本可填写早一个历史时期、高两个级别的中央红军无线电大队政委,但他填的却是新四军军部机务主任;入伍栏里本可填写1927年6月起自在苏联的军事培训,但他填写的却是1931年江西中央红军。他自己给自己降了若干级。

 Evidence of Tu’s modesty. He was Central Red Army Radio Team political commissar in 1931 but he filled in 2-grade lesser radio engineering head of New 4^th Army in 1942. He was a military trainee in USSR in 1927 but he filled 4-year later Red Army in Jiangxi in 1931. Such grading and experience differences much affected his treatment substantially.

0019490528009

    他只填写受到的不论对错的处分: 1925年未经许可打伤工贼留党查看;1931年因政治委员(冯文彬)骂我,我也骂他,军事逮捕;1934年通令逮捕,请示(军委主席项英)收回被缴枪枝未复可否;却不填写1943年改装米兹南推挽式发射机,改善了与延安的联络,受华中局,新四军领导和军委三局的表扬。

Tu only recorded his punishments, be it correct or wrong, such as CCP membership suspended in 1925 because he had wounded an invading gangster; military arrestment due to argument with Red Army radio leader Feng Wenbin in 1931; the non-sense pending military arrestment in 1934. He hid his award such as in 1943 his push-pull transmitter was praised by both New 4^th Army and Yan’an HQ.

0019490528010 + 0019490528011 + 0019490528012 + 0019490528013

进城时,涂作潮的布质胸章(左),背面注明财政经济接管委员会,职别:代表;张小梅的布质胸章(右),背面注明华东局后方女校,职别:学员。

TU Zuochao’s cloth badge of Shanghai Military Authority, left. Its backside says Financial & Economic Take-over Committee; Title: Rep. ZHANG Xiaomei’s cloth badge of People’s Liberation Army, China, right. Its backside says East China Bureau Women’s Rear School; Title: Student.

1019490500001 + 1019490500002

左:1908年光绪元宝;中:1911年民国银元;右:1921年民国银元.上为正面;下为背面.母亲把多年来苦积苦攒的十几块银元缝进裤腰带,以备不测.文革中抄家后她让胜华去掉银元上的图案和文字.因此留下了火烧和敲打的痕迹.她最后将它们分给了孩子们。

Left:1908 silver yuan; Center: 1911 silver yuan; Right: 1921silver yuan. ZHANG Xiaomei tried her utmost to have saved 10 silver yuan & sewed them in her belt for emergency use. After house search in 1967 she asked Shenghua to get rid of designs & words thereon. So heating & hammering signs were left. In her senior 70’s she gave them to her kids.

1019490500003 + 1019490500004

涂作潮进城后用的二手货公文包。1956年胜华见过里面放着一枝手枪。涂作潮用这个二手白色搪瓷盆在1956年初乘放琼酯（果冻，又名洋菜）做版，用紫药水做印墨，印制了四、五本自传。

TU’s second-hand brief since 1949. Shenghua saw a pistol in it in 1956. In 1956 TU used this second-hand white enamel basin to contain jelly as printing plate and gentian violet as printing ink to make 4 to 5 copies of his autobiography.

0019490619001

1949年6月19日,军代表涂

作潮已经在中央有线电公司

上任一月.上海市军事管制委

员会向涂作潮颁发了新版委

令,接财字第壹号,签发人仍

为陈毅、粟裕,公章仍是中国

人民解放军上海市军事管制

委员会关防.1967年到1968

年四机部军管会指使造反派

/专案组多次查抄涂家,这份

委任状未能幸免.1972年涂

家终于索回.

Shanghai Municipal Mili-

tary Control Commission

issued to TU Zuochao

this new edition of

Appointment, Financial

Take-over No.1, signed

by CHEN Yi and his

deputy SU Yu on 19 June

1949 when TU’d been the

military rep at Central

Wire Communication Co.

for almost a month.

Military Control Commi-

ssion at 4^th Machine-

building Ministry sent

rebels/investigators to

search TU family and

this Appointment was

among many robbed items.

TU family finally got

it back in 1972. 均小一

0019490619002

1949年6月19日,军代表涂

作潮已经在中央无线电公司

上任一月.上海市军事管制

委员会向涂颁发了新版委令,

仍是接财字第壹号,签发人仍

是陈毅、粟裕,公章仍是中国

人民解放军上海市军事管制

委员会关防.1967年到1968

年四机部军管会指使造反派

/专案组多次查抄涂家,这份

委任状未能幸免.1972年涂

家终于索回.

Shanghai Municipal Mili-

tary Control Commission

issued to TU this new

edition of Appointment,

same Financial Take-

over No.1,signed still

by CHEN Yi and his

deputy SU Yu on same

19 June 1949 when TU’d

been military rep at

Central Radio Applian-

ces Co. for almost a

month.Military Control

Commission at Fourth

Machine-building Mini-

stry sent rebels and 

investigators to

search TU’s home and

this Appointment was

among many robbed items.

TU family finally got

it back in 1972. 均小一

1019490600001 + 1019490600002

涂作潮的伯乐之举:他在1949年6月底前摸清了中央无线电公司研究所技术人员的专业水平,确信他们是精英.就把这份摸底细节报通信兵部王诤主任.1952年该所20名工程师全部调北京通信兵研究所.1955年王诤任国防部五院副院长时,带走其中10人.

05-28-1949 Tu Zuochao

controled the Co lab with

20 engineers.In Jun 1949

Tu judged them top best

per this who did what list

since 1937.Tu reported to

PLA Signal Corp chief

Wang Zheng. In 1952,all

the 20 moved to Beijing.

Wang was 5^th Defence

Institute vice director in

1955 when he took 10

therefrom with him.

Next month, Tu got all technical details of each of 20 engineers at the company’s research institute. He reported to Wang Zheng in charge of communication troops in Beijing. In 1952 all the 20 were transferred to Beijing. In 1955 when missile insitute was founded, deputy chief Wang Zheng took 10 of them with him. All the 20 became China’s top by 1980’s.

1019490600003 + 1019490600004 + 1019490600005

1980年前后,其中蔡金涛是中科院院士兼国际宇航院院士,黄卫(纬)禄中科院院士和两弹一星元勋之一,罗容思(沛霖)中科院院士,陈德仁中国工程院院士;陈克恭先后任714、715和718厂长,张连华718厂研究所长,金贤藻714厂长,冯世璋国防部15院副院长,周国铨774厂总工,何午山某院导弹设计师,郝复俭航天部13所所长,张梓昌航天监控公司总工…

Since 1980, of the 20,

Cai Jintao, Interna-

tional Aerospace Ins-

titute fellow; Huang

Weilu, 1 of China’s

22 awardees of A and

H bombs and satellite;

Luo Peilin, Academia

Sinica fellow; Chen

Deren,China Engi-

neering Academy

fellow;Feng Shizhang,

15^th Defense Institute

head;Zhou Guoquan,

Plant 774 chief engi-

neer; Zhang Zichang,

Aerospace Control

chief engineer…

Punish vs Merit

Jobless was massive in

1949-50. Till 1956 trip

to Hong Kong was free.

To avoid brain drain,

Tu forbid engineers

to quit.Resigner needs

political guarantor for

good behavior after

resignation.Tu was

warned for enemy-time

joint responsibility. Tu

remembered Wang An.

He went to study in US

in 1947 and stayed…

Politically otherwise

Tu left no problems un-

finished when scrutizing

each engineer such as

family background and

overseas relations. Chen

Deren recalled in 2001

“We’d all been punished

as educated reactionaries

in cultural revolution,but

none of us was punished

by any would-be much

worse cases such as over-

seas relations or political

history.Mr. Tu had saved

us with his foresight.

Five-page file of Central Radio Appliances Co Ltd briefs June 1949 here came from Electronic Industry History compiled and printed by Electronic Ministry in 1980.

Ack. Sun Daning & Ding Ming for who is who of the listed personnel

Cai Jintao, International Aerospace Ins- titute fellow; Huang Weilu, 1 of China’s 22  awardees of A+H-bombs & satellite; Luo Peilin, China Science Academy fe- llow; Chen Deren, China Engineering Academy fellow; Chen Kegong, head of Plants 714, 715 & 718; Zhang Lianhua, 718  Lab Chief; Jin Xianzao, head of 714;Feng Shizhang,head of 15^th Institute; Zhou Guoquan, Plant 774 chief engineer; Hao Fujian,13^th Institute head;Zhang Zi- chang,Aerospace Control chief engineer…

以上小一号

1019490600006

1991年春节,原中央无线电公司研究所部分人员和蔡总工合影,左起:张梓昌,蔡老(亦研发打下U-2飞机的电子对抗设备),冯道生(航天200厂骨干),林应兴(航天230厂骨干),陈德仁,尤国权(航天200厂骨干).1990年前后,原门生和同事王安欲接蔡老去美国养老,邓小平请蔡老自己决定,蔡老婉拒.

In 1991 former Central Radio Co. Lab fellows photoed with Cai Jintao. From left:Zhang Zichang,Dr Cai (his counter attacker downed U-2), Feng Daosheng(aerospace Plant 200 leader) Lin Yingxing (aerospace Plant 230 leader), Chen Deren & You Guoquan (aerospace Plant 200 leader). Cai’s student later Computer Wang asked Deng Xiaoping to allow Cai to enjoy his last years in USA. Cai refused.

1019490600007

电子对抗12机器

0019490828001 + 0019490828002

1949年8月28日13:50上海交大文治礼堂举行上海密台李白、张困斋、秦鸿钧三烈士追悼会.中央无线电器材公司军代表涂作潮、陈文全、冯道生等四人全部参加;15:25和千余追悼者一起经华山路、番禺路送殡至虹桥公墓,沿途礼乐此起彼伏,16:40落葬.无论在追悼会中,或此前后,涂作潮闭口不谈和李白的关系.后任航天部200厂厂长的冯道生直到18年后文革甚嚣尘上,造反派外调涂作潮时,方知涂作潮和李白的关系。

Shanghai Liberation Daily 28-08-1949 Special Issue reported funeral for Li Bai and other 2 secret radio men same day at 13:50. Tu Zuochao, Feng Daosheng and other 2 military reps at Central Radio Appliances Co all attended. They joined 1,000 plus mourners also for burial at Hongqiao Cemetory. Before, during and after the funeral Tu never mentioned his relation to Martyr Li Bai. Feng only knew Tu-Li relations 18 years later when rebels investigated Tu.

1019500000001

1949到1950年间涂作潮夫妇和孩子们合影.左起延华,平华,新华,中华.此时长子林方已工作,幼子胜华未出生。

TU Zuochao and ZHANG Xiaomei and children. From left to right: Yanhua, Pinghua, Xinhua and Zhonghua. At that time eldest son Linfang was working while youngest son Shenghua unborn.

1019500000002

1949到1950年间长女涂新华（左三）、二子涂中华（左四）、三子涂延华（左一）和幼女涂平华（左一）合影。

Eldest daughter Xinhua (left 3), second son Zhonghua (left 4), third son Yanhua (left 1) and youngest daughter Pinghua (left 2) between 1949 and 1950.

1019500000003

张小梅为全家做衣服,包括外衣的缝纫机.虽是美国胜家名牌,无奈使用年代太久,磨损太甚，涂作潮买的又是便宜的二手货，所以经常要帮助妻子排除故障。

ZHANG Xiaomei used this many-times second-hand Singer sewing machine to make clothes for the family. The husband’d to repair it for the wife on monthly basis if ever not weekly.

1019500000004 + 1019500000005

1968年4月底涂作潮遭非法关押前,一直用这把推子给孩子们和自己(光头)剃头.这个源自1950年代的饼干桶曾经服务于一家三代十多口人。

Till illegal detention in end April 1968, Tu cut hair for his kids & himself by this hair cutter. This biscuit box since early 1950’s has served over 10 people of 3 generations of the family.

1019500000006

上海永嘉路469号,照片主

体朝北. 1950到1960年,

涂家住二层西南大屋和东

北小屋.55年林方婚后和长

媳张云琴住东北屋;新华住

读.周末和父母及弟弟妹妹

共七口住西南屋.涂作潮在

此完成YP－4M等的部分

工作,制作电影《永不消逝

的电波》的收发报机道具。

469 Yongjia Rd, Shanghai,

facing north.From 1950 Tu

family of 8 lived in north

east small room & south

west big room, 2^nd floor. In

small room lived Linfang

& wife Yunqin since 1955.

Xinhua on boarding school.

In weekend she, parents, 3

brothers & 1 sister shared

big room. In big room Tu

made part of YP-4M and

transceiver costume for

Ever Lasting Radio Wave,

a feature film telling story

of Li Bai who had used his

Master Tu’s shapeless

receiver to cheat Japs.

1019500000002

1019500000003

半个世纪后，这间曾经住过一家七口，兼做涂作潮工作间和实验室的20平米住房，经过装修，成了两个街道干部的办公室，除吊顶电扇外，还安了空调。

After half a century this 20 M2 room for Tu Family of 7 and his concurrent workshop and lab has been well decorated into an office for 2 grass-root level officials with not only electric fan but also air conditioner.

0019500602001

1950年6月2日上海市军事

管制委员会财政经济接管委

员会重工业处重(50)02743

号命令军事特派员涂作潮在

德商股权佔半数以上的大华

利卫生食料厂,监管领导该厂

生产业务,实行军管.解放前

国民政府经济部226号工商

登记是:丹商大华利卫生食料

厂有限公司,销售焙面及医学

用酵母制剂、麦芽、麦精等,

注册地是上海广东路137号。

该厂后改名为上海酵母厂。

On 2 June 1950 Shanghai

Municipal Military Con-

trol Commission sent

Military Rep TU Zuochao

for military control of

Shanghai Asiatic (Dawali

as advertised) Yeast

Works Ltd,a Danish busi-

ness said to be con-

trolled by German shares

by 50+%.Pre-1949 regis-

tration No.226 said it 

was a Danish Co.located

at 137 Guangdong Road,

Shanghai.It later became

Shanghai Yeast Works.

美国版本：

原国民政府经济部226号工商登记:丹商大华利卫生食料厂有限公司,销售焙面及医学用酵母制剂、麦芽、麦精等,注册地点上海广东路137号.1950-5-11中国丹麦建交。1950-6-2,上海市军管会(50) 02743号令认定德商股权占半数以上,遂派特派员涂作潮接管该厂。

ROC No. 226 business registration: Danish Dawali Yeast Works Co Ltd sells yeast and malt, etc. 05-11- 1950 China-Danmark established diplomacy. 06-02-1950 Shanghai Minitary Authority Order (50) 02743 says German share was 50+% therein. So military rep Tu Zuochao was to take over Dawali.

0019500602002

(南京)中国第二历史档案

馆馆藏《经济部核准认许

之外国公司一览表》记载:

认许证号数:226;公司名

称:丹商大华利卫生食料

厂股份有限公司;在华主

要营业:销售焙面及医学

用酵母制剂、麦芽、麦精

等;在华主要分公司所在

地:上海广东路137号;在

华代理人姓名:爱斯杰爱

馥琴逊.大华利的注册地

点在这座楼房的某房间。

According to the pre-1949

List Of Foreign Com-

panies Approved By Eco-

nomy Ministry kept at

China No.2 Archival (in

Nanjing): License No.226;

Company Name: Danish

Shanghai Yeast Works

Ltd;Location:137 Guang-

dong Rd; Agent in China:

S.J.Forgison (sound trans-

lation back from Chinese).

The Works was registered

in a room this building.

中华民国时代的大华利卫生食料厂老照片，光复西路2531号。1954年投入市场的4分钱一块的鲜酵母一直持续到1980年代。1959年改名为上海酵母厂。

鸣谢：丹麦酒精有限公司

Dawali Yeast Works in the ROC time per this photo. Located at 2531 Guangfu Rd W. It’d been making fresh yeast at a market price of Yuan 0.04 (0.6 Cent ) per piece till 1980’s. In 1959 it was renamed Shanghai Yeast Works. Ack. Danish Spirit Co Ltd

1019500922101 + 0019500922102

1950-9-22军事特派员涂作潮

接管大华利卫生食料厂.他怀

念故乡,把离开26年的长沙

东乡郭公渡何家冲申报为永

久地址.他的学历、资历和发

明创造关乎全家的生活.全家

七口住永嘉路469号25平米

一间.然而他把4年5个月的

留苏压缩成2年6个月;只字

不提参加六大,中共谈判代表

和在新中国相当于部长一级

的无线电队政委;他也隐去单

枪匹马完成的40-70米电子

对抗硬件和无形收报机.谁也

无法把这两项成就和涂作潮

申报的木匠、电工和无线电

机工挂上钩.何况,他在何时何

地有何创造与发明栏目中填

写了:没有。将来可能有些。

档案来源：工信部档案室

09-22-1950 Military Rep Tu

took over Dawali Yeast Works.

He’d left Changsha home for

26 years but still claimed as

permanent address. His edu-

cation,experience & invention

decided his family life. But he

reduced 53 months in USSR

to 30 months. He kept silent

on his Liuda delegate, CCP

rep and radio team political

commissar, which equaled to

a post-1949 minister. He kept

silent about solo-made 40-70

M counter attack and spy

signal receiver.Nobody could

relate the 2 achievements to

his modestly declared skills

for carpentry,electrician and

radio engineer. When asked

what invention, when and

where, he replied:No. There

may come some in future. 

Ack. China Industrial and

Info.Ministry Archive Store

0019501115002

1950-11-15涂呈报: 1924年恒丰纱厂战友聂珍刚(珍光,清河)五卅运动后去黄埔军校,在连长任上带兵去井冈山和朱德会师,中央苏区时和杨立三同事,长征途中牺牲在桂东酃县…他呼吁道:烈士如何阵亡,遗骸何在已不得而知,对于甚为贫寒的烈士遗属,应予抚慰.此时涂在大华利酵母厂日夜忙碌,妻子临产不足一月.33年后的1983- 5-20,遗孀已故多年的聂家终于盼到了烈士证书。

Tu reported 11-15-1950 his 1924 buddy Nie Zhengang joined Red Army in 1927 and KIA Lingxian, Hunan during Long March. Tu appealed support for widow and orphan in poverty. 05-20-1983, 33 years after Tu’s appeal, Nie Chongli received a revolutionary martyr certificate when his mother had died for many years without having received any support.

In his appeal Tu called for a basic support for Nie’s widow & kids who were in extreme poverty in reality though there was no way to find how & when Nie was killed in war. When Tu was writing this report on 15 Nov 1950 he was busy at Da Wah Li Yeast Factory day and night, and in less than 1 month his wife would give birth to Shenghua.

0019501123006 —+ 0019850123060

中华人民共和国成立后,大批和上海有渊源的烈属在上海登报寻亲.1950年9月,涂作潮回复聂珍光(聂清河)烈士家属寻亲启事;11月15日上报优抚事案;23日烈士遗孤崇立持恒丰厂聂氏族人开具的介绍信会见涂作潮...1974年文革大难不死的涂作潮继续呼吁聂珍刚的烈士证书.1983-5-20烈士证书终于盼到.1985-1-23,聂崇立写信吊唁35年来一直“纪念遗孤,时加教诲”敬爱的涂伯伯

In Sept 1950 Tu responded to Nie family ad in a Shanghai newspaper. He appealed 11-15- 1950 for a Revolutionary Martyr certificate and follow-up support for widow and orphan in poverty. Tu’s effort continued during cultural revolution in 1974. Certiciate finally came 05-20-1983, many years after widow had died. 01-23-1985, orphan Chongli condolenced his Uncle Tu for a 35-year kind care.

In 1949-1950, many families searched their lost members in Shanghai. In Nov 1950, Tu replied to a where-are-you ad by Nie Zheng guang family. On 15 Nov he submitted Nie’s case for care for the Nie family. On 23 Nov Hengfeng Mill issued an introduction letter (left) for Nie’s son Chongli to meet Tu, On 23 Jan 1985 in his condolence letter to Tu’s widow Nie Chongli thanked his dear Uncle Tu for his care,love and teachings for the martyrs’ orphan in the past 35 years.

1950-11-23恒丰纱厂当年的

高管人员、聂珍刚烈士的族

人聂云辉给来沪寻亲的聂珍

刚烈士的遗孤聂崇立开出介

绍信，去上海永嘉路469号

涂作潮住处“面谈一切，惠

教为荷。”此后，涂作潮和

烈士遗孤的精神交往持续了

整整35年。

11-23-1950, Nie Yunhui, a

Hengfeng Cotton Mill senior

manager back in 1924 and a

relative to Martyr Nie Zhen-

gang, wrote this letter to Tu

Zuochao introducing Chong-

li, son of Nie Zhengang, to

visit Tu Zuochao and talk in

every detail. Since then, a

spiritual communication

between Tu and Chongli

had continued for 35 years.

1019510000020 + 1019510000021

1951-1952年某周末,常年坚

持公交车上下班的涂作潮去

和阗(和田)路新华小学接长

女新华,见校门口20多辆接

孩子的公车.记下全部车号报

上海市委:“抗美援朝正吃紧,

不该浪费宝贵的汽油;这样做

群众影响也不好.”市委回函

赞同并确认全部车号属实.新

华小学遂规定,家长用公车接

孩子的,学校不放行.上,教学

楼;下,宿舍楼.中华和延华也

上新华小学,直到55年解散.

In 1951-1952 the bus-only Tu

 saw 20+ public cars at Xin-

hua School where Tu Xinhua

was a 6 yearer. Tu recorded

all plate numbers & reported

to Shanghai City: “we must

not waste valuable gas when

Korean War is critical. Also,

this causes public dissatisfac-

tion.”Shanghai City accepted

his criticism & confirmed the

numbers.So a Xinhua School

new rule: public car carrying

kids’d be kept at school.

Classrooms and Offices, top.

Dormitory, below. Zhonghua

and Yanhua also attended

Xinhua School till 1955 when

the school was disbanded.

1019520000014

1952年上海市委复涂作潮:他在新华小学门口抄录的20多公车私用号牌属实.新华小学校长张明秀遂告示:周末来公车的,孩子不许接走.六十年后广州区伯(少坤)甚于涂作潮:五年来拍摄投诉名言“这是公车,请问可以这样用吗?”因此5次挨打,母亲住处被撒冥币,常年受电话骚扰和恐吓,网上出现“反区伯同盟”……鸣谢:2013-10-27《北京青年报》

Shanghai City accepted Tu’s criticism of 20+ official cars for private use at Xinhua Primary School in 1952. So Dean Zhang Mingxiu’d detain kids during weekend if official car came for pick-up. 60 years later, Ou Shaokun in Guangzhou surpassed Tu. Ou’s motto “can public car be used this way?” with his mobile photos for 5 years running made him China’s No. 1 Supervisor vs public car for private use. Beijing Youth Daily 27-10-2013 

0019511108001+002

1951-11-8,上海市军事管制委员会免去涂作潮大华利卫生食料厂军事特派员职务,调该委重工业处待分配。此前的1950-5-11丹麦王国和中华人民共和国建交;1950-6-24,毛泽东主席接受丹麦驻华大使递交的国书。     鸣谢: 上海档案馆

11-08-1951 Shanghai Military Authority relieved Tu of his special military rep at Shanghai Yeast formerly Dawali Yeast Works as Tu’d have a new job. 06-24-1950 Chairman Mao accepted Letter of Credence by Damish Ambassador to PRC.  Ack. Shanghai Archival  

0019501115001+ 0019501115002

涂作潮1950年11月15日上报说,聂珍刚五卅后去黄埔军校,后率全连去井冈山会师朱德.他呼吁道:烈士何时、如何阵亡,遗骸何在已经不得而知,对于现实中甚为贫寒的烈士遗属,应予抚慰.此时涂作潮住在大华利酵母厂里日夜忙碌,离妻子临产不足一月。

Tu appealed for a basic support for Nie’s widow and kids who were in extreme poverty though there was no way to find how and when Nie was killed in war. Tu wrote this on 15 Nov 1950 when he was busy at (Asiatic) Dawali Yeast Factory day and night, and in less than 1 month his wife would give birth to Shenghua.

0019501115003+ 0019501115004

湖南聂氏家族是恒丰纱厂老板.战友聂珍刚牺牲20多年后共和国成立.涂作潮1950年11月回复烈士家属登报的寻人启示,同月15日上报优抚事案.同月23日厂方介绍赴沪的烈士遗孤崇立找涂作潮面谈.1980年,涂作潮给烈士孙子申瑞邮寄核桃,以释远念. 1983年遗属终于领到久违的烈士证.

Hunan Nie Family owned Hengfeng Mill. PRC was founded 30 years after Nie Zhengang died. Tu saw Zhengang family press ad in Nov 1950 and applied for support for Zhengang family. On 23 Nov 1950 Fengfeng introduced Zhengang’s son Chongli to talk to Tu (L). In 1980 Tu mailed walnut from Beijing to Zhen- gang’s grandson Chongli in Hunan so as to relieve Tu’s distant worry.

0019510103001

1950-12-14妻张小梅生幼子胜华前后体质甚差。哺乳期间发现肺结核。1994年张小梅死于肺癌。病灶位于结核处。即使当时市场供给不紧张,靠供给制生活的涂家也没现金去买当时上好的营养品--今天寻常的鱼肉。无奈中,涂作潮

想到了自己凭1924年入党的资历应领取,但是没有领取的每月3斤猪肉的始于1949年的老年金。他供职的华东军政委员会工业部给他从1951年1月起补办。同年1月12日华东军政委员会财委分党委抚保分会批准并签发了涂作潮的这份老年证。

 Before and after Zhang Xiaomei, Mrs Tu, gave birth 12-14-1950 to Shenghua, their youngest son, she suffered from malnutrition. She was found TB during nursing period. In 1994 she died of lung cancer that had grown in her TB point. Even market had enough to supply,the Tu

family wouldn’t have the cash to buy fish or pork, their unreachable nutrition. Tu claimed his aged allowance he deserved based on his CCP membership since 1924. On 01-12-1951, aged allowance of 3.3 pounds of pork per month was granted. Tu could have claimed the allowance back in 1949.

1019511200001单人照 无奈-麻木

Politic movements

since 1951 made

Tu apathetic and

helpless. He stood

ready for his Party

to get rid of the

stale & take in the

fresh. “If asked to

withdraw my CCP

membership I’ll

accept without any

complaint.”

面对1951年开始

的三反五反和以后

的众多运动，涂作

潮的部分反应是无

奈和麻木。他已经

准备好了被党吐故

纳新“按少奇同志

整党报告精神, 如

遇通知退出, 我将

无怨的接受”

Politic movements

since 1951 made

Tu apathetic and

helpless. He stood

ready for his Party

to get rid of the

stale & take in the

fresh. “If asked to

withdraw my CCP

membership I’ll

accept without any

complaint.”

1019511200002 单人照 无奈-麻木-仍不乏自豪和自尊

Behind his helpless

and apathetic face

there remained his

proud and self-

respect“Is Tu Zuo-

chao guilty but Fu

Zuoyi is of merit?”

Fu made uprising

in Beijing in 1949

after many years

of his annihilation

of CPC.

他无奈和麻木的目

光中仍不乏某种自

豪和自尊“总不至

于（长期剿共，一

朝北京起义的）傅

作义有功，涂作潮

有罪吧？”

Behind his helpless

and apathetic face

there remained his

proud and self-

respect“Is Tu Zuo-

chao guilty but Fu

Zuoyi is of merit?”

Fu made uprising

in Beijing in 1949

after many years

of his annihilation

of CPC.

0019520504001

1952年5月4日涂作潮在上海襄阳南路-南昌路市场17组167号摊贩处买了6只旧电子管,价55,000元,相当币制改革后的5元5角.1949年5月到1950年6月涂作潮任中央无线电和有线电公司军代表时经手的电子管成千上万.为避免公私不分的嫌疑,涂索要了这张发票.他湖南腔的上海话说的涂有时被误听为陶或唐.2004年家人发现了涂作潮夹在俄华字典中的这张发票。

On 4 May 1952 Tu bought 6 second-hand electronic tubes from Vendor 167, Group 17 at Xiangyang-Nanchang Road Market, Shanghai. From May 1949 to June 1950 he was military rep at Central Radio and Central Wire Commu- nication Companies having dealt with thousands of electronic tubes. For safety reason he asked for this invoice. In 2004 Tu’s kids found this invoice in his Russian-Chinese dictionary.

0019520515001 + 0019520515002 + 0019520515003

1952-5-15涂作潮写了这三

页4项自我检查. 1, 1937-

1942在沪开店(虽掩护了秘

密电台,却也)剥削了顾客.

也结识了(大力帮助过秘密

电台的)新型资产阶级虞瑞

中. 2,招聘试工制,不顾及工

人阶级感情,受了资产阶级影

响.3,脾气坏透顶;如同野马,

不是任何人都好骑;但服从真

理.过时的铜器赶不上钢刀,

但削土有余.鄙视看不惯的事

物,自我清高.一个人的长征

时,曾考虑脱离革命.但是自

我觉悟后继续找党.工作中官

僚主义的欲加之罪,犹如粪土.

革命成功了.对得起牺牲了的

战友.相信共产主义30年后

会实现.当下愿回长沙务工或

务农.总不至于(长期剿共,一

朝北平起义的)傅作义有功,

涂作潮有罪吧?4,对于政治问

题补充交代,无从回答.只待

上级拿事实来审判.涂作潮

此举,又种下新的政治祸根.

文件来源：涂作潮档案

Wrong words in wrong time.

Based on a 4-Item confession

list,Tu wrote this 3-page self-

criticism 05-15-1952. 1,1937-

1942 his business (though

covered up CCP radios) had

exploited customers. Made

friend with new bourgeois Yu

Ruizhong(who greatly helped

CCP radios) 2, Bourgeois

influenced Tu’s probational

employment policy hurting

workers’ feelings. 3, A worst 

temper. Like a wild horse,not

for anyone to ride. Surrender

to truth. Obsolete bronze can

still dig well though unlike a

steel. Just disdain things not

used to seeing. Self high-

hearted. Had tried to quit

revolution during self Long

March. Self-corrected. Tried

utmost back to CCP. Willful

bureaucratic accusation is a

shit. With revolution won,

can live up to the martyrs.

Communism will come 30

years later. Now willing to

work physically back in

Changsha. Is Tu Zuochao

guilty while Fu Zuoyi(who’d

long annihilated CCP before

his Peking uprising in 1949)

is meritorious? 4, No further

political issue is confessed.

Await trial with evidence.

Tu’s above words planted a

new political curse.

Document source:

Tu Zuochao Archive kept

officially in Beijing

1950年2月全国整功臣自居,

官僚主义和命令主义之风...

1951年2月起整党3年.1951

年12月又开始了和镇反一样

重要的三反(贪污,浪费,官僚

主义)...计划1952年内基本完

成...1953年涂作潮填写了这

份《干部履历表》,谦让和严

以律己反而让他这个原始股

在新政权下既害自己,又害家

人.按官场规则,他本应这样填

写:1920年参加毛主席领导的

湖南劳工会(而非1924年以

前加入湖南劳工会);1925年

全国二劳大代表(而非不表);

为声援顾正红案,公开讲演而

被捕,狱中组织绝食而受刑(而

非不表);1925-1930年留学苏

联,参加中共六大并大会发言,

学习无线电,在刘伯承部任机

务员(证明人加上周恩来,朱德

等);1930-1931年直属中央的

上海地下电台期间(基于保密,

可以不提特科),还曾任中共中

央谈判代表(而非不表,证人应

加上周恩来,聂荣臻等);1931-

1935红军总司令部期间曾任

无线电队政委,为保障机务工

作不受影响,主动请辞,材料厂

同时生产手榴弹(而非不表;证

人应加上毛泽东,周恩来,朱德

等);1935-1936年的证人加上

陈毅(而非蔡叔厚一人);1936-

1937西安电台部分的证人应

该加上周恩来和叶剑英..在事

关自己待遇的关键栏目-著作

或发明里,他写道“没有著作,

没有发明;”又在事关自己级

别的关键栏目-熟悉何种业务

或技术?志愿做何工作栏目里,

他写道“懂一点无线电机器常

识,略能看俄文和说俄语.我很

想做电器仪表的实验工作.如

有苏联同志帮忙,也许更方便.”

Political clarification movements

came roaring since Feb,1952.His

self-restriction and self-modesty

in his CV led to his disgraces &

victimized his family. He’d have

quoted VVIP Mao Zedong,Zhou

Enlai, Zhu De, Nie Rongzhen,

Chen Yi and Ye Jianying, etc as

his witnesses throughout all his

time. He’d have reported his

instigation for May 30, 1925

Movement, his attendance and

speeches at Liuda, his CCP rep

and his Red Army Radio Team

political commissar, etc. When

asked by this CV form, he said

He’d no invention. When asked

about his skills and his wish for

job, he replied: “I know a little

about radio ABC and can read

and speak a little Russian. I’m

keen for instrumentation lab

work. If Soviet comrades help,

so much the better.”

0019520600001 + 0019520600002

1952年6月涂作潮任一机部

综合工业实验所副所长.时值

工资改革. 面对涂作潮15级

月百元应付全家七口和自费

办公,W所长说:“你这大革命

时代的党员,现在才当个姨太

太式的副所长.”涂作潮发现

郑昊文全家是一贯道,而非本

人申报的革命家庭,遂调郑至

非关键岗位.郑自杀未遂, 涂

作潮9月被撤职,但申明“不

承认这种狗屁处分.”上,昆明

路研究所1995年外景;下,该

所部分旧址。

In June 1952 Shanghai

Industrial comprehensive

Lab director W satired his

deputy Tu graded 15 with

montly Yuan 99: “You 1924

CPC veteran are now only a

deputy director, just like a

concubine.” Tu moved a Ms

Zheng with family political

issue to a less crutial job.

She unsuccessfully suicided.

Tu was dismissed in Sept

but wrote “never accept

such shit dismissal.” Above,

Lab front at Kunming Road

photed in 1995. Below,a Lab

building in 1995. 

0019520900001

1952年9月涂作潮任上海黄河理工仪器厂(临潼路14号)公(国家)股代表-实为厂长.涂上任后即保释老板兼总工支秉彝.涂1953年底被冤枉撤职.支是40年莱比锡大学博士,46年携德国太太回国,国内数字化仪表研制第一人,76年在牛棚中研究并试验见字识码汉字编辑,1980年当选中科院院士.

From Sept 1952 to end 1953 TU was Di- rector of Yellow River Physi-Indus Ins- trument Works at 14 Lintong Rd. He bailed private owner and chief engineer ZHI Bingyi, a Leipzig University PhD in 1940.As 1^st man in China for digital ins- trument,ZHI began Chinese word pro- cessing in jail in 76.In 80 Dr Zhi became a Chinese Academy of Science fellow.